residuum

residuum \ri-ZIJ-oo-uhm\, noun:

1. the residue, remainder, or rest of something.
2. Also, residue. Chemistry. a quantity or body of matter remaining after evaporation, combustion, distillation, etc.
3. any residual product.
4. Law. the residue of an estate.

Perhaps not: the residuum is, you see, Byres, what is left.
-- Frederick Marryat, The Poacher, 1841

Our friend's corporeal envelope had been so well lined with this residuum, as well as various earlier memories of his parents, that their own special Swann had become to my family a complete and living creature...
-- Marcel Proust, translated by C.K. Scott Moncrieff and Terence Kilmartin, Remembrance of Things Past, 1922–1931

Residuum shares a root with the word residue. It comes directly from the Latin residuum meaning "a remainder."

esse

esse \ES-se; Eng. ES-ee\, noun:

being; existence.

The esse of the life of every man, which he has from his father, is called the soul, and the existence of life thence derived is called the body.
-- Emanuel Swedenborg, The Earths in Our Solar System, 1758

According to Berkeley, the esse of things is percipi. They exist as they are perceived.
-- Thomas Love Peacock, Nightmare Abbey, 1818

Esse comes from the Latin word of the same spelling meaning "to be." It has been in English since the 1600s.

coaptation

coaptation \koh-ap-TEY-shuhn\, noun:

a joining or adjustment of parts to one another: the coaptation of a broken bone.

...though nothing be declared thereby of the structure and coaptation of the spring, wheels, balance, etc. and the manner how they act on one another so as to make the needle point out the true time of day.
-- Aldous Huxley, Complete Essays, Vol. 4, 1936-1938

Harding approved entirely, and it was decided that the two wounds should be dressed without attempting to close them by immediate coaptation.
-- Jules Verne, The Mysterious Island, 1874

Coaptation stems from the Latin word coaptātiō which meant "a precise joining together."

dreck

dreck \drek\, noun:

1. worthless trash; junk.
2. excrement; dung.

Though composed rapidly, it's a better elegy than Milton's to Edward King or Shelley's on the death of John Keats, which is puredreck—revolting, sentimental dreck.
-- Joseph Heller, God Knows, 1997

But in the end it's all dreck, or if not dreck then some form of bathetic aspiration: for our lives to course as smoothly, shifted but never stopped, draining into some glorious & storied sea.
-- Jonathan Miles, Dear American Airlines, 2009

Dreck entered English in the 1920s from the Yiddish word drek, which comes from the German word Dreck meaning "filth."

cyclopean

cyclopean \sahy-kluh-PEE-uhn, sahy-KLOP-ee-uhn\, adjective:

1. (sometimes lowercase) gigantic; vast.
2. of or characteristic of the Cyclops.
3. (usually lowercase) Architecture, Building Trades. formed with or containing large, undressed stones fitted closely together without the use of mortar: a cyclopean wall.

Together in this greater self they felt the headway of the long, low hull, the prodigious heart glow of the hungry fires, the cyclopeanpush of steam in eight vast boilers, the pulsing click and travail of the engines...
-- George Washington Cable, Gideon's Band, 1915

On his return, he threw himself into the cyclopean labour of clearing, ploughing and planting the virgin territory he'd inherited; it was in the far south-west of the island, an area known as Terrenos de Sio Miguel.
-- Miguel Sousa Tavares, Equator, 2009

Cyclopean refers to the mythical Greek creature Cyclops, a kind of giant who has one large eye in the middle of its face. This adjective has been used to mean "gigantic" since it entered English in the 1600s.

dispositive

dispositive \dih-SPOZ-i-tiv\, adjective:

involving or affecting disposition or settlement: a dispositive clue in a case of embezzlement.

Perhaps it had been a hallucination, or it was a false memory. Boggs had even predicted that later Ellis would doubt the incident had even happened—which seemed dispositive toward the dead man's reality…
-- Nick Arvin, The Reconstructionist, 2012

Looks and charm were often dispositive, the more attractive partner sailing on to other waters.
-- Louis Begley, About Schmidt, 1996

Dispositive comes from the word dispose meaning "to put in a particular place."

sidle

sidle \SAHYD-l\, verb:

1. to move sideways or obliquely.
2. to edge along furtively.

noun:
1. a sidling movement.

I don't want to sidle up to the wrong man. Not that I'd really know how to sidle.

-- Alexander McCall Smith, The Lost Art of Gratitude, 2009

Turning his own back on the Bank of England, Dave would sidle down to the river, then idle over one of the bridges.

-- Will Self, The Book of Dave, 2008

Sidle is a backformation of the word sideling which means "sidelong or sideways; obliquely."

quillet

quillet \KWIL-it\, noun:

a subtlety or quibble.

Some points involved in the discussion of the question under consideration suggest legal quillets, and exercises in scholastic logic, of a kind in which Aquinas and his brother schoolmen, writers of patristic and mediaeval divinity, would have fairly reveled.
-- Edited by Sir Frederick Pollock, The Law Quarterly Review, 1894

O! some authority how to proceed; Some tricks, some quillets, how to cheat the devil.
-- William Shakespeare, Love's Labour's Lost, 1598

Quillet is related to the word quiddity meaning "a trifling nicety."